Mimesis operates through metaphor, or the illusion and representation of one thing (for example, a bird) in the form of another (a painting of a bird)
Metaphor 'signifies both "is not" and "is like"
Metonymy specifies something by using the name of another thing with which it is directly connected. It signifies both 'is connected to' and 'is like'. For example: a person's shadow is a metonymy of his or her body; a crown can be a metonymy of the monarch. Thus, in the phrase 'the crown spoke to the parliament', the king or queen (one and the same with 'crown') spoke to the parliament. Metaphor can express distance and difference from object, nature and other beings, but is not a direct metonymic connection.
(Themes in contemporary art: chapter 5)
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